Member of the Lianozovsky group. Started out by experimenting with figural art, cubism, lyrical abstraction. In 1965 the ‘playing card’ motive organises the space of his paintings, graphics, assemblages: abstraction becomes solitaires on card tables, ‘card characters’ (valet, joker) and metaphysical scenes appear. Created minimalist sculptures. Works are in the Tretyakov Gallery, Metropolitan Museum, MoMA New York.